Memory Improvement

10 Easy Ways to Train You Memory

By

Peter walker

Table of Contents

Introduction

Chapter 1: The Science of Memory – How Your Memory Works

Chapter 2: Breaking Bad Memory Habits – There is No Such Thing as a Bad Memory

Chapter 3: Mnemonics Made Easy – Wordy Solutions to Memory Problems

Chapter 4: Image Association Tricks – Get More Sensual to Improve Recall

Chapter 5: The Memory Palace – The Perfect Way to Remember Lists

Chapter 6: Putting it All Together – Combining the Tricks for Perfect Recall

Chapter 7: Practice Makes Perfect – Exercise Your Recall Muscle

Conclusion

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Introduction

I used to joke around with people that I had a memory like a sieve – back then, if I was introduced to you, I would have forgotten your name before the end of our first conversation. And it wasn’t just names either – I would walk from one room to the next and forget what I went there for. I would write a shopping list before going grocery shopping and then forget to take the list with me.

The turning point for me came when I decided that I wanted to learn a little Italian because I was planning a trip to Rome – you see, up until then, I hadn’t really thought that my memory problem was serious, after all, my family thought it was a huge joke. Learning Italian did not come easy to me at all – in fact, I was able to pick up a word here or there but whole sentences got forgotten very quickly. By the time I got to Italy, I could basically still only say “Hello”, “Thank you” and “Good bye”.

It was then that I realized that something had to change and so I started doing a lot of research into improving my memory and applying the techniques that I learned. And boy was I in for a surprise - I still go to the grocery store without my shopping list, but this time because I can memorize the list. I have since learnt all the names of all the cahiers in the shops that I visit at the mall, gas station, etc.

As for Italian, I also gave that another try and, whilst I would never be mistaken for a native Italian speaker, I can now conduct a passable conversation in that language.

What was most amazing to me was the tricks I learned were very easy to implement and that, once I started to do so, I started to see immediate results and the results were cumulative – the more successes I had, the more confident I became in my own brain’s ability and the more I trusted it. The more I trusted it, the better I became at remembering things.

And that is the number one secret everyone should know – no one has a bad memory! The problem is that you keep telling yourself that you do and so you do end up with difficulty remembering things. Think about it for a second – if you had a child and you told them every day, “You are no good at sports”, it would not take long for them to believe you and then even give up trying. The same can be said about the brain – if, like me, you have for years been telling your brain how useless it is, is it any wonder that it starts to believe it at a subconscious level and begins to make it true in your day to day life?

For me, the most shocking part of this journey was just how quickly I managed to pick up and apply these techniques and how quickly my memory improved. And that is why I decided to write this book – I know that there are many people out there that think that they have terrible memories – I am sure that you are one of them because you are reading this book.

The good news is that you are going to find out that your belief that you have a bad memory is wrong and I am going to prove it to you. This book is going to walk you through how your memory works, what causes your memory to fail, various tricks to help you remember things and how to put everything together so that you can unleash the full power of your memory.

Chapter 1: The Science of Memory – How Your Memory Works

Now, the first thing that you need to remember (pardon the pun) is that your brain is assaulted by millions of stimuli on a daily basis – basically the mind processes everything that we see, hear, taste, smell or touch in order to keep us save. That means that by the time you get to work in the morning, your brain has already processed thousands of specks of information.

It holds onto what it feels is important for you and starts to filter out the rest – you simply do not need, nor want, to be able remember every single detail that the mind processes. In fact, scientists have posited that we only remember around about 1 in every 100 bits of information that we do receive. So details are seldom stored to our long-term memory unless our brains decide that they have some importance to us. Should the information be deemed important enough, the brain will actually start to remember it.

The Memory Process in Your Brain

The first step is for the brain to register the memory and encode it – This aids recall at a later stage and is the reason that it is harder to remember the name of someone who has just been introduced to you. If you have not been paying proper attention in this instance, you will forget the name just as quickly.

The next step is for the brain to consolidate the memory – basically grouping it with similar memories or associating it with something that is already familiar. The last step is when the brain retrieves the memory. This helps to reinforce the memory pathways and is one of the reasons why repeating things over and over again is such a good way to learn things.

A good analogy is a filing system – with the brain being the filing clerk. The “filing clerk” first of all takes a look at the file, in order to see what it is about. The “clerk” will then decide where the appropriate place for the memory is – grouping like memories with likes. Finally, at some stage the file will need to be retrieved for use. Now, let’s say that the file is simply filed away and not used again. Over time, the “filing clerk” is likely to forget what the memory was about. If enough time elapses, the brain may even completely forget about the file or even where it was filed. This makes retrieval of such memories really difficult. If, on the other hand, the file is taken out often to be worked with, the brain is bound to remember the contents of the file and where it is filed so recall will be a whole lot easier.

Chapter 2: Breaking Bad Memory Habits – There is No Such Thing as a Bad Memory

A lot of people argue with me about this one – they bemoan their “bad” memories and insist that nothing could make them better. I love this because I know that I am going to prove them wrong. The good news is that anyone can improve their ability to recall things, even without using the tricks laid out in the following chapters. For the most part, the reason that we battle to recall things is more as a result of either lack of attention or not finding a way to store the information in a manner that makes sense to the brain.

In fact, problems with your memory are more likely to be about getting access to the information when you need it, rather than actually forgetting things. How many times have you tried to think of something on the spot, realizing that the answer is on the tip of your tongue, only to remember it later on when it is not really necessary anymore? In this chapter we will go through the bad memory habits and see what you can do to break them.

Lack of Concentration

This has to be the number one cause of memory problems and, considering how much information we do take in on a daily basis, it does come as no surprise. We simply do not concentrate enough on something unless we find it important.

Again, I can give a very good example here – I used to be dreadful at remembering the names of people. The funny thing was that I could always remember the names of pets. It got so bad that I would recognize people as Spot’s owner – I recognized them in connection with their pets.

I could never understand why that was until it was pointed out to me – in my mind, the animals were more important and so I concentrated more on them. When I realized this, I started to concentrate better when it came to being introduced to people as well and I found that I started to remember names. Too often we are distracted by what we will be doing or saying next, rather than actually paying attention in the actual present moment. If you want to have a better chance at remembering, you need to actually concentrate on the information that you are receiving. The very act of concentrating in this manner will tell your brain that the information is important and this will aid recall later.

Laziness

I know that if I wanted to learn the national birds of each country I could do so by simple repetition. The simple fact is that I am too lazy to do this. Simply concentrating will help with recall later but it is not usually enough on its own – you do have to spend a bit of time repeating the information so that it becomes firmly embedded in your psyche and this is where a lot of us trip up because we are so focused on what we are going to do next. Let us say you are trying to remember a name – you need to concentrate when being introduced and take note of the person’s face, mannerisms, anything that makes them more memorable. Once you have noted their name, do use it a few times in the conversation so that it is more likely to stick in your mind.

Not Taking Time to “File” the Information Properly

Let’s think back to that filing room again. Let’s say that files are just shoved into place wherever there is room, without much time or effort being expended on keeping them in any sort of order. When it comes to retrieving a particular file, you are not going to be able to do so without a good deal of effort because your clerk does not know exactly where the files are. For our brains, we need to store things in a logical manner if we hope to make recall easier. There is a lot of information in there and to access it, we need to know exactly where it is.

That is why word and image association mind tricks are such powerful memory enhancers – they help the brain to properly categorize the information received. Instead of all the “file” being stuffed into the brain where there is room, the files are placed in the appropriate category with similar information.

Memory Tricks

Okay, now that you are aware of the bad habits that may be impacting your ability to remember things, let’s move onto tricks that will actively help you to improve your memory. After all, paying close attention will only get you so far when it comes to remembering larger quantities of information. There are various tricks that we can employ to help us memorize larger quantities of information and the next three chapters will go into three of these in more detail. I do want you to try out each method so that you can find the one that suits you best.

I, for example, find that mnemonics is the system that works best for me but my best friend prefers using the memory palace technique. In each chapter I will give you an exercise so that you can try out the technique for yourself and also explain the technique and these will help you to decide which styles work best for you.

Chapter 3: Mnemonics Made Easy – Wordy Solutions to Memory Problems

There is a good chance that you have already come across this technique somewhere along the line. I find that it is a great way to remember a list of facts. Mnemonics are basically defined as any device that helps the brain to retain information. This technique works by translating the information into something that the brain can more readily use.

Exercise

Before we go into more detail, let us do a little exercise quickly – I am going to give you a list of words and I want you to give yourself 60 seconds to memorize the list.

Ready, steady, go!

Bananas

Oranges

Camembert

Ricotta

Bordeaux

Batteries

Yeast

Butter

Apples

Okay, now get up and do something else for about 5 minutes. When you get back, write down as many words from the list as you can remember. How did you do? If you are like most people, you could probably only remember about 3 things out of the 9, so do not feel too bad if it didn’t work that well for you. So, how do we make this information easier for your brain to remember? Let us look at the various forms of mnemonics and you can choose for yourself.

Music Mnemonics

This is one thing that always amazes people when I bring it up – especially those with “terrible” memories. Think of some of your favourite songs – can you remember the words? Music can be a great aid when it comes to making information more interesting and so it helps the brain to remember more easily. Just think of the ABC song that you learned as a child. Try writing a short jingle with the information that you need to learn and set it to a tune that you enjoy. After a few repetitions of the jingle, you will easily remember the list.

Name Mnemonics

With this technique, you take the first letter of each word and create a name from it. Let us take the list above – what about the name Bob Crabby? (For Bordeaux, Oranges, Bananas, Camembert, Ricotta, Apples, Batteries, Butter Yeast.)

Expression Mnemonic

This is one that I am sure that you have used before. I know that this was one of the first memory techniques that we learned as children. You take the first letter of first letter of each word and make a funny little saying with it. In fact, I still remember the order of the planets orbiting the sun today by the same rhyme that we used back then. (Okay, it was a long time ago, when Pluto was still classified as a planet so the list is a bit out of date.) The point, however, is that decades later, I still remember the expression. The expression in this case is, “My very energetic monkey jumped swiftly under nine planets.” (Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Neptune, Pluto.)

Rhyming Mnemonics

In this instance, you take your list of words or concepts and make a rhyme out of them.

A good example is this rhyme commonly used for remembering how many days there are in a month:

Thirty days hath September,

April, June and November.

All the rest have 31

Except for February my dear son.

That has 28 days clear,

And 29 in each leap year.

Now choose one of these systems and try to memorize the list again. Give it five minutes and rewrite your list. I will bet that you remember the list a lot better now. Get someone to write down some arbitrary lists of words for you so that you can practice this technique some more.

Image Mnemonics

With this tool you choose an image of the information that you need to remember. Maybe, for example, you need to remember a word or name mnemonic. For example, BAT standing for barbiturates, alcohol, tranquilizers. You could use an image of a bat to help remember this list.

Exercise

Now that you know the technique, memorize this list but to make it a little harder, you need to memorize it in the exact order in which it appears:

Garbage

Tunnel

Upset

Rapid

Heat

Brake

Break

Settle

Couch

Conch

Now rewrite the list backwards. Too easy? Rewrite it in alphabetical order from memory.

Chapter 4: Image Association Tricks – Get More Sensual to Improve Recall

The above-mentioned mnemonics make it easy to remember lists and simple concepts but what do we do when faced with even more complex information? Getting more of the senses involved helps to really imprint the information into our memories. Think back to a moment in your life that was meaningful to you – chances are that you can visualize it quite easily in your mind, you can remember not only who else was there but also what smells and sounds you noticed as well. Catch a whiff of the same scent again and you are bound to recall that moment.

In this chapter we will go through the Visual Association Method. Because most of us are visually driven, it is a lot easier to remember images than actual bodies of text and we can use this to our advantage when we are trying to improve our memory. This technique can also be extremely useful when you need to learn someone’s name.

The Basic Technique

This is a basic three step process that will work every time.

Step 1: Use Substitute Words

You know how they usually tell a writer to “write what they know”? The same can be said when it comes to learning new information. In this respect, this means associating the new information with something that you are already familiar with. It is kind of like hanging your keys in the right place every night – in the morning, you know exactly where they are and can find them easily.

If the brain knows exactly where the information is, then it can more easily retrieve it. In this technique, you associate the concept with something that you can easily visualize and so you are more easily able to recall it later. This is not as easy when it comes to learning a language or more abstract concept and so, in this instance, you need to look at using substitute words that you can easily visualize.

For example, let us say that I need to remember that Sydney is one of the major cities in Australia. I could break the word Sydney into its syllables. For the first part, Syd, an image that comes to mind is the character from Ice Age, Syd. For the second half, I automatically want to associate it with knees.

Step 2: Create Exceptionally Vivid Images in Your Mind’s Eye

The more absurd the image, the more likely you are to remember it. (Remember, the mind only remembers about 1 out of 100 pieces of information it receives – if it designates the information you are trying to remember as ordinary or mundane, it will forget it quickly. Think about it for a second, what did you have for lunch a month ago? I will bet that you cannot remember. If, however, you found a cockroach in the food, you would most certainly remember because it is so out of the ordinary. The more something stands out to your mind, the more likely you will remember it later so do make sure that your mental images are as weird and as wonderful as you can make them. Right now, for example, I can see Syd from Ice Age trying to crack an acorn by knocking his knees together furiously. I can see the exertion on his face and hear the sound he is making. I will never forget Syd’s knees, or Sydney again.

The images should be:

•Exaggerated in terms of proportions – let us say that you have met a man named Nelson Beard, and he has a larger nose. Perhaps you can imagine a nose with a huge beard on it running around.

•Exaggerated in terms of numbers – maybe your nose could be surrounded by a thousands of other noses, all with different beards.

•Get some movement into it – maybe your nose says something that the others disagree with and they end up chasing it down the street.

•You can substitute one image with something that you know well so that you can remember it better – in this case, Nelson has been substituted with nose. Alternatively, you could remember Nelson Nose, or Nelson “nose” best.

•Make a little narrative to go with the action to make it even easier to remember.

Step 3: Make the Association

Now it is time to connect the dots so to speak. I want to remember that Sydney is one of the major cities in Australia. The first thing that comes to mind when I think of Australia is the outback so I can quite easily visualize a long trail in the expanse of land. I now adjust my image of Sydney so I see him knocking knees along this particular trail and so now I have associated him with the trail as well. Now when I remember the image, I will remember that Syd’s knees are on the trail and so it will be easy to recall that Sydney is in Australia.

Exercise

Using the above technique, learn the capitals and which country they belong to on the following list:

United States of America – Washington

South Africa – Pretoria

Australia – Canberra

Tasmania – Hobart

Kenya – Nairobi

Egypt – Cairo

England – London

Scotland – Edinburgh

Ireland – Dublin

Wales - Cardiff

France – Paris

Canada – Ottawa

Mexico – Mexico City

Brazil – Rio

Iceland – Reykjavik

Chapter 5: The Memory Palace – The Perfect Way to Remember Lists

A memory palace is a place that you go to in your mind, a place that you can visualize walking through, with several little nooks and crannies where information can be stored. The idea is that you will be able to recall the information that you need simply by visualizing the right section in your memory palace. For some people, this can be a single room, for others, their whole town. Don’t get too caught up in the imagery itself – there are no right and wrong answers here. The only real rule is that it should be somewhere that you know very well. You can choose to use your home as a reference point or a series of different locations. Perhaps, if you catch the bus to work, you could store information to coincide with each of the stops along the way. The key is to find a location that you know really well and that you can visualize in your mind. As long as you are able to do this, you already have everything that you need to have a memory mogul.

And therein lies the beauty of this system – no more needing to come up with clever little sayings or songs to help remember things, no more repeating facts until you are bored to tears and no more forgetting half of what was on your grocery list because you forgot to take it shopping with you. When you have added the information that you want to remember all you will need to do to recall it is to visualize going into the relevant area of the memory palace and pulling it out again.

I just want to stress one more time that the memory palace is not necessarily a building – use whatever suits you. It is important that there are several different rooms/ stops, etc. along the way because you need to categorize the information and place it in the right spot for recall later. Let us say, for example, that you choose to use a single room – maybe your bedroom – think about it for a minute, there are still a number of places to store stuff in in your bedroom aren’t there?

Look at storing information in your cupboards and vanity but also consider less likely places like on top of the pallet, behind the curtains, under the lampshade, etc. If you look at it this way, there are a whole lot of places that you can store information and so you can store a whole lot of information as well. Your brain loves this technique – by pairing the memories with spatial memories, you are telling your brain that this information is just as important as knowing the way around your home or how to get to work is.

Building Your Own Memory Palace

With the memory palace technique, you choose a place that you can visualize perfectly in your mind instead of using substitute words.

Start out by using your bedroom or a single room in your house to start off with – this is a place that you know well and it can be a convenient place to start practicing this technique in a smaller space. Once you have gotten the hang of it, you can make the palace bigger – by incorporating your whole house or any other place that you are extremely familiar with.

You could, if you like, choose a place that you have imagined but I only advise doing this if the imagery is very vivid in your mind. This technique tends to work best when you work with a place that you have been to and experienced so that you can remember the various sensory aspects of the experience.

The more detail that you can add to your memory palace and the more information about the place that you can add, the more information you will be able to store there as well.

Start by Imagining the Place

Now, close your eyes and, in your mind’s eye, imagine the memory palace that you have decided on. What details can you see? What different subsections are there? If you run into blocks, open your eyes and look around and refresh your memory as to what really is there. Remember as much detail as possible – sights, sounds and smells can all help to make the memory truly vivid in your mind. Even consider the feelings associated with the place in order to make it all the more real in your mind.

Pick Your Route

If you need to remember things in a particular order, you are going to set up an actual roadmap in your memory palace in whatever way makes sense to you. You will need to select the correct route for what it is that you want to remember. Then, as you move along the route, things become easy to remember in perfect order. Even if you do not want to remember anything in a specific order, it is still a good idea to set up a route for travelling through your memory palace. That way, it does actually become a lot easier when you need to recall something. Basically when it comes to recalling things, you will usually walk along this route until you come to the section in the palace that stores the information that you need. If you are in a hurry, you are more than welcome to skip directly to the section that you need.

Where You Will Store Things

You now need to figure out where things are going to be stored in the memory palace. You could, for example, decide to put things pertaining the kitchen in the kitchen of your memory palace. Find logical connections for different types of information throughout your memory palace. It is also important to ensure that no one place is so like another that they can be mistaken for it. You can make this step as simple or complex as you like. Maybe you just want to remember a small list of information, then make each room in your home a distinct location. You can always add in more information by looking at everything within each room as you go along.

Think of it as something like the filing system that you use on your computer: you will have the main folder (your whole memory palace); sub-folders (where the information to be stored is divided amongst rough categories and folders within these (places where the more specific information will go).  Same goes for your computer, the smaller the file of information, the less the likelihood that you need a variety of folders and sub-folders.

Ready, Set

We are not quite ready to go just yet. You now need to make a drawing of your memory palace and the route that you will take along the way. Mark out all the places that you have chosen as locations to hide stuff in and walk the route that you have chosen a couple of times – taking in as much detail as you are able to. Then commit the entire plan to memory.

Now visualize actually going along the route, taking care to fill in as many details as you are able to in order to make this a real picture in your mind. Check how you have done against the original drawing that you did and, in need, practice going through it in your mind over and over again to ensure that you know each and every single stopping point, etc.

Practice when you are away from the physical location as well, without relying on your notes at all. Once you have managed to correctly visualize the whole memory palace in your mind, you are ready to move on to actually starting to memorize things. Okay, now you can get down to business. At this stage, the palace should be well-rehearsed in your mind and you should be easily able to visualize it. Now it is time to start assigning the different information to different areas in the palace.

Working in a logical manner here will be of great benefit to you. Let us say, for example, that you have to memorize a speech, it makes sense that you want to put it in the right order and in manageable segments. Break it up into basic phrases and visually put them in place as you move along your memory palace route. Do not be scared to spread out all the way along the route and do ensure that you have memorable chunks of the speech spread out in the right order.

If you do not need to remember things in any particular order, you can place the items anywhere in the memory palace. Again, I suggest finding some logical reason when it comes to placing the items concerned. For example, let us say that you needed to remember a grocery list with the following on it:

Tile cleaner: oranges, toilet paper, deodorant.

A good way of remembering this list would be to store the tile cleaner in the bathroom, the oranges in the kitchen, the toilet paper in the toilet and the deodorant in the bedroom.

When you are starting out, it does make sense to group like objects together as having to go through different rooms to find what is stored there could be confusing. What I mean here is that if you are getting cleaning supplies, for example, it is better to group them all in one place, rather than putting them into the individual rooms. As you progress, this will become less and less of an issue and you will find that you are able to put the items anywhere that you like.

Exercise

Place items from the list below in the proper place in your memory palace so that you can remember the list more easily later.

Eggs

Cheese

Salmon

Grapes

Towel

Scale

Ball

Plug

Globe

Chapter 6: Putting it All Together – Combining the Tricks for Perfect Recall

By now, you will no doubt have made great strides when it comes to improving your ability to memorize lists, etc. It is quite incredible just how quickly you can progress in this journey. I am sure that by now you have also realized that I was right when I said that no one had a bad memory and I am sure that you have found your favorite memory technique from those listed above.

Taking it One Step Further

You have no doubt found that some of the techniques work better for different types of information than others but there is no reason that you only need to use one particular technique. In fact, if you really want to improve your recall abilities, it is better to employ a few different techniques at once. Let us take the rhyme to remember the order of the planets, for example. Combine that mnemonic device. You could picture a monkey burning his tail in the sun and so swinging from planet to planet to get away from it. Maybe when he gets to Saturn he gets caught up in the rings surrounding the planet and so circles the planet a few times. Perhaps on the planet Neptune, he can run into the sea god Neptune and plead with him to put out the fire on his tail. You can combine rhyme with song – the ABC song is a perfect example of two different mnemonic devices being used together to make the alphabet a lot more memorable.

You could combine the memory palace technique with absurd images of the items on your grocery list to make them even more memorable.

I urge you to play around a little and to see which combination of techniques work for you – there is no real right answer here, you need to find a way to present the information to your brain in the best possible way that it can understand so have fun experimenting.

Chapter 7: Practice Makes Perfect – Exercise Your Recall Muscle

This is the very best piece of advice that I can give you when it comes to creating a better memory – practice as often as possible in order to improve your skills. Practicing will not only hone your skills but it will also go a long way to helping you learn to trust your memory again. I mentioned before that I would often write lists for grocery shopping and then forget to take the list with me when shopping. I knew before I even entered the store that I would forget to get something and I was right every time.

With practice, however, I began to start remembering the lists better and better and the instances where I forgot to get something on the list dramatically decreased. I made a determined effort to stop carrying a written list and started to rely on my memory more and more. As I continued to practice, I got better and better at memorizing things and I now firmly believe that I have actually got quite a good memory.

Take some time to practice memorizing things – it can be something as simple as a grocery list, the names of the cashier’s at your local grocery store or something more complicated such as the lines for one of your favorite poems. It does not matter what it is, the idea is to practice remembering things.

You want to get to a point where you have honed your skills to such an extent that remembering what you want to becomes more of an unconscious reaction more than a conscious effort. Make it into a game and have fun with it. For example, I will often shuffle a deck of cards and then memorize the order of the deck. Alternatively, I will often pull up trivia regarding a country or place that I have visited and learn that. You can practice in whatever way suits you best, as long as you do practice regularly. The thing with memory skills is that they can become rusty when not used.

Conclusion

Thank you for downloading this book.

I do hope that you have learned a lot about how your memory works and tricks that you can use to improve it and I hope that you have been amazed by your progress so far. All that is left now is to implement the tricks that appeal to you most and practice them in your day to day life.

Have fun showing off your new skills!

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Table of Contents

Introduction

Chapter 1: The Science of Memory – How Your Memory Works

Chapter 2: Breaking Bad Memory Habits – There is No Such Thing as a Bad Memory

Chapter 3: Mnemonics Made Easy – Wordy Solutions to Memory Problems

Chapter 4: Image Association Tricks – Get More Sensual to Improve Recall

Chapter 5: The Memory Palace – The Perfect Way to Remember Lists

Chapter 6: Putting it All Together – Combining the Tricks for Perfect Recall

Chapter 7: Practice Makes Perfect – Exercise Your Recall Muscle